This concept ran the risk of being lost during the 19 th century, but reemerged in the second half of the 20 th century due to the anatomical rediscovery of asymmetry by Geschwind & Levitsky (1968), in a study which compared the two sides of the brain, highlighting above all the asymmetry present in the left hemisphere.įrom an anatomical point of view, it has been known since the time of Broca that human brain asymmetries are subtle. In this way, the concept was established that asymmetry is the defining characteristic of the human brain (Crow, 2004). The authors of the time nevertheless considered that the two sides of the brain were symmetric and that each organ had its homolog on the other side, which lacked a functional equilibrium (Caldas, 2004).Īround 1861, after studying various cases of left hemisphere lesions and alterations in language, Paul Broca became convinced of the correctness of the studies of Mark Dax, which stated that language ability was localized on the left side of the brain, given that since 1877, it had already been considered that man, among all the other animals, had the most asymmetric brain with the largest quantity of acquired abilities, of which language was the highest, since it distinguished humans from animals. PALABRAS CLAVE: Cerebro, Asimetría Lóbulo temporal.Īt the end of the 18 th and beginning of the 19 th century, a theory of cerebral function was disseminated, which proposed the existence of multiple cerebral organs responsible for specific abilities. Las medidas realizadas presentaron diferencias entre los lóbulos temporales derecho e izquierdo. Los resultados se sometieron a análisis estadístico y mostraron que MI era mayor en el hemisferio izquierdo, en contraposición a los datos obtenidos en M2 y M3, que fueron mayores en el hemisferio derecho. Fueron realizadas 3 medidas diferentes utilizando un pié de metro Mitutoyo y goniómetro (Carci), en ambos hemisferios: medida MI, largo del surco lateral medida M2 distancia del surco lateral hasta el margen inferior del giro temporal inferior y la medida M3 el ángulo formado entre las líneas del surco colateral y margen inferior del giro temporal inferior. Los encéfalos fueron fijados en solución de formalina al 5%. La muestra estuvo compuesta de 40 encéfalos adultos, post mortem, de ambos sexos, del Laboratorio de Anatomía del Centro Universitario Nove de Julho, en Sao Paulo, SP, Brasil. El objetivo del trabajo fue verificar si los lóbulos temporales son anatómicamente diferentes. En el lado izquierdo del cerebro se localiza la facultad del lenguaje, como también de la lateralidad manual. Entre todos los animales, el Hombre es el que presenta el cerebro más asimétrico (Crow, 2004). RESUMEN: Las asimetrías anatómicas del cerebro humano son sutiles y aún poco estudiadas. KEY WORDS: Brain Asymmetry Temporal Lobe. The measurements taken showed differences between the right and left temporal lobes. Results were submitted to a statistical analysis (ANOVA) and demonstrated that Ml was larger in the left hemisphere, by contrast with the data obtained for M2 and M3, which were larger in the right hemisphere. Three different measurements were taken using a pachimeter (Mitutoyo) and a goniometer (Card) on both hemispheres: Ml - the length of the lateral sulcus M2 - the distance from the lateral sulcus to the inferior margin of the inferior temporal gyrus, and M3 - the angle formed between the lines of the collateral sulcus and the inferior margin of the inferior temporal gyrus. The brains were fixed in a solution of 5% paraformaldehyde. Our sample was composed of 40 post mortem adult brains of both sexes, which were investigated at the Human Anatomy Laboratory of the Nove de Julho University Center in Sao Paulo, Brazil. The objective this paper is to verify whether the temporal lobes are anatomically different. The language faculty and handedness are localized on the left side. Among all the animals, humans have the most asymmetric brains Crow (2004). SUMMARY: Anatomical brain asymmetries are subtle and still little studied in humans. *** Physiotherapist - Laboratory of Human Anatomy, UNINOVE, Brasil. ** Professor the Health Department, UNINOVE, Brasil. in the Health Department, Human Morphology Division, UNINOVE, Brasil. Asymmetries of the Left and Right Temporal LobesĪsimetría de los Lóbulos Temporales Izquierdo y Derecho
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